A step in a warehousing procedure. An activity corresponds with a session of the Warehousing package. For example, the inbound activity Generate Inbound Advice is performed using the Generate Inbound Advice (whinh3201m000) session.

Includes a cost item that can be linked as additional costs to an order or shipment. Examples of additional cost lines are administrative costs added to the order costs if the order amount is lower than a certain value, or freight costs added to the order if the total weight of the sold/purchased goods exceeds a certain value.

Charges for extra services, such as extra packaging, insurance, and so on. Additional costs are added to the freight costs of a shipment, load, or a freight order cluster. They are levied for shipment lines or freight order cluster lines, which can be invoiced to the customer. This depends on the agreements made with the business partner.

The cost items that can be placed on an order or shipment to charge extra costs for an order or shipment.

User-defined fields of various field formats that can be added to various sessions, in which users can edit these fields. No functional logic is linked to the contents of these fields.

Additional information fields can be linked to database tables. When linked to a table, the fields are displayed in the sessions corresponding to the database tables. For example, a field defined for the whinh200 table is displayed as an extra field in the Warehousing Orders (whinh2100m000) session.

The contents of additional fields can be transferred between database tables. For example, the information specified by a user in additional information field A of the Warehousing Orders (whinh2100m000) session is transferred to additional information field A in the Shipments (whinh4130m000) session. For this purpose, additional information fields with identical field formats and field name A must be present for the whinh200 and the whinh430 tables (whinh430 corresponds to the Shipments (whinh4130m000) session).

A warehouse that offers a view of a warehouse that is managed by a business partner. An administrative warehouse corresponds with a physical warehouse controlled by the business partner's system. In that physical warehouse, the inbound and outbound processing takes place. The administrative warehouse mirrors the inventory levels present in the business partner's warehouse.

Administrative warehouses are used in situations such as the following:

• The warehouse is at your location, but a supplier manages and possibly owns the inventory until you use the items.
• The warehouse is at the customer's location. You own the inventory until the customer uses the items, but the customer manages the inventory.
• The warehouse is at the subcontractor's location. You own the unfinished goods present in the warehouse, but the subcontractor manages the inventory.

Administrative warehouse is not one of the warehouse types that you can define in LN, setting up an administrative warehouse requires various parameter settings.

Commands are distributed across the Views, References, and Actions menus, or displayed as buttons. In previous LN and Web UI releases, these commands are located in the Specific menu.

The automatic issue of materials from inventory, or accounting for the hours spent manufacturing an item, based on theoretical usage and the quantity of the item reported as complete.

An unfilled customer order, or partial delivery at a later date. A demand for an item whose inventory is insufficient to satisfy demand.

A series of alternating bars and spaces printed on documents or products, representing encoded information that can be read by electronic scanners.

A part of a business model that is built from a selection of business functions that are initially created in the repository.

An XML message used to exchange data between enterprises or enterprise applications. The BOD is composed of a noun, which identifies the message content, and a verb, which identifies the action to be taken with the document. The unique combination of the Noun and the Verb forms the name of the BOD. For example, noun ReceiveDelivery combined with verb Sync results in BOD SyncReceiveDelivery.

The issue from the warehouse of consigned items by or on behalf of the customer. The customer's purpose is to use these items for sale, production, and so on. After the items are issued, the customer becomes the owner of the items and the customer must pay the supplier.

The date and time at which a schedule's cumulatives/ authorizations are reset.

The year-to-date totals for quantities shipped, received, required, and invoiced.

Cumulatives are used as schedule statistics to track if its status is ahead or behind schedule compared to the demand.

A standard electronic business document consisting of an organization name and a message. EDI messages are processed as incoming or outgoing messages.

An EDI messages can concern, for example, an order acknowledgement or an advance shipment notice (ASN).

Organizations that determine EDI message standards are:

• ANSI
• X12
• UN/EDIFACT
• ODETTE
• VDA

The computer-to-computer transmission of a standard business document in a standard format. Internal EDI refers to the transmission of data between companies on the same internal company network (also referred to as multicompany). External EDI refers to the transmission of data between your company and external business partners.

A process where there is no invoice between the supplier and the customer. Payments are initiated by the customer and based on the deliveries done by the supplier. The payments to be made are recorded in advance by the customer in a remittance advice EDI message and are sent to the supplier who will subsequently be able to reconcile the relevant open entries.

A commission to transport a particular number of goods. A freight order includes an order header and one or more order lines.

A freight order header includes some general information, such as the delivery date and the name and address of the customer who is to receive the goods listed on the freight order.

A freight order line includes an item to be transported and some details about the item, such as the quantity and the dimensions.

A uniquely identifiable physical unit that consists of packaging and contents. A handling unit can contain items. A handling unit has a structure of packaging materials used to pack items, or is a part of such a structure.

A handling unit includes the following attributes:

• Identification code
• Packaging item (optional)
• Quantity of packaging items (optional)

If you link an item to a handling unit, the item is packed by means of the handling unit. The packaging item refers to the type of container or other packing material of which the handling unit consists. For example, by defining a packaging item such as Wooden Crate for a handling unit, you specify that the handling unit is a wooden crate.

A description of the way items are packaged by means of handling units.

A handling unit structure includes any of the following elements:

• Top

  Handling unit that includes the entire structure, such as a pallet.

• Parent

  Handling unit that includes one or more children, such as a crate on a pallet.

• Child

  Handling unit that is linked to a parent, such as boxes that are packed in a crate.

One of the elements of a package definition. A handling unit template provides information on the packing materials that must be used to pack items and on the way the packaging materials are structured. The package structure is hierarchical and consists of several nodes that are related in a parent-child fashion. The packaging materials refer to handling units, each node represents a handling unit.

When handling units are generated for the items of a particular order, the handling units are created and structured as defined in the handling unit template of the package definition that is linked to the order.

A distribution center where goods sent from the supplier are consolidated and often repacked before being shipped to the final destination at the customer's. An intermediate consignee is owned by the customer or a carrier acting on behalf of the customer.

The raw materials, subassemblies, finished products, and tools that can be purchased, stored, manufactured, and sold.

An item can also represent a set of items handled as one kit, or which exist in multiple product variants.

You can also define nonphysical items, which are not retained in inventory but can be used to post costs or to invoice services to customers. The examples of nonphysical items:

• Cost items (for example, electricity)
• Service items
• Subcontracting services
• List items (menus/options)

An external, alternate way of coding items. Coding systems can be general standard systems (such as EAN) or systems that are dependent on a specific business partner.

An item-specific, overall logistic plan that contains planning data and logistic targets for sales, internal and external supply, and inventory. All planning data in the item master plan is specified by plan period. Enterprise Planning uses this data to carry out master-planning simulations.

Within the item master plan, you can distinguish the following subplans:

• demand plan
• supply plan
• inventory plan

In addition, an item's master plan contains information about actual demand, actual supply, planned supply in the form of planned orders, and expected inventory.

If an item has a master plan and channels have been defined for this item, each channel usually has its own channel master plan. A channel master plan contains channel-specific information only, that is, demand data and information about sales restrictions.

Item master plans and channel master plans are defined within the context of a scenario. These scenarios can be used for what-if analyses. One of the scenarios is the actual plan.

In LN, all goods and/or shipments carried by one means of transport on a specific date and time and using a specific route.

The freight planning engine of Freight. The load building engine groups goods that require transportation into shipments and loads.

Conditions that must be formally agreed upon between a supplier and a customer regarding logistic data, such as schedule messages, frozen periods, authorizations, delivery patterns, carrier, and so on.

This scenario is used for expensive lot-controlled and serialized items produced and handled in relatively small quantities that require intensive tracking throughout the warehouse flow.

During receipt in the warehouse, lot numbers, serial numbers, and other stock point details are consolidated in an individual receipt line if the Consolidate Stock Points in one Receipt Line check box is selected in the Inventory Handling Parameters (whinh0100m000) session. If this check box is cleared, an individual receipt line is created for each lot number and serialized item and, either manually or automatically, a lot number or a serial number is allocated.

In this scenario, lot numbers and serialized items are individually stored in inventory. For each inventory transaction, such as a receipt, transfer, or an issue, the inventory records of the lot numbers and the serialized items are updated.

When issued from the warehouse, the lot numbers, serial numbers, and other stock point details are consolidated in an individual shipment line if the Consolidate Stock Points in one Shipment Line check box is selected in the Inventory Handling Parameters (whinh0100m000) session. If this check box is cleared, for each lot number and serialized item LN creates an individual outbound advice line and, if applicable, a shipment line, and allocates a lot number or a serial number.

A template that specifies the structure of an identification code. A mask is used to generate the identifiers for objects such as serial numbers, handling units, or shifts.

A planning concept in which all planning data is accumulated into time buckets with predefined lengths.

In master planning, all demand, supply, and inventory data is handled in terms of these time buckets, and is stored in master plans.

In master planning, supply is planned in the form of a supply plan. This supply plan is calculated on the basis of demand forecasts, actual orders, and other information. For production planning, this planning method only considers critical requirements, as recorded in an item's bill of critical materials and bill of critical capacities.

A code that defines a set of priority-based additional criteria that must be applied when self-billed invoices are automatically matched with corresponding order data.

A schedule on which forecasted information is provided about shipping times, delivery times, and quantities.

In general, a material release can be considered as a planning release. However, the material release can also contain the actual order.

A schedule that contains lines without a reference number. Because no specific requirement exists for the schedule line, nonreferenced schedule lines can first be clustered and then ordered, shipped, and received together.

A customer-oriented contract, agreed upon by suppliers and customers, that is used to record specific agreements. A normal contract is usually valid for approximately one year.

A normal contract cannot be activated if another active contract exists for the same business partner in a specific period.

The balance of all unpaid invoices relating to one particular business partner.

A planning concept in which planning data is handled in the form of orders.

In order planning, supply is planned in the form of planned orders. LN takes into account the start and finish dates of individual planned orders. For production planning, this method considers all material and capacity requirements, as recorded in an item's BOM and routing.

The act of retrieving goods from a warehouse.

A list generated by LN that advises you the location and lot from which goods must be picked and possibly issued, taking into account factors such as blocked locations and the outbound method.

A warehouse-order line that is used to issue goods from a warehouse.

An outbound-order line gives detailed information about planned issues and actual issues, for example:

• Item data.
• Ordered quantity.
• Warehouse from where the goods are issued.

A positive deviation from the original ordered quantity.

A particular configuration of items and their packaging. A package definition for an item can, for example, be the following: a pallet contains 12 boxes and each box contains 4 pieces.

The containers or supports that are used to hold and move goods within manufacturing, distribution processes, and, specifically, within the warehouse. For example: boxes, pallets.

A package building criterion, which refers to the distribution zone or routing code.

A package building criterion, which refers to the consumption point or point of destination.

A document that shows all shipments of a load.

An order document that shows in detail the contents of a particular package for shipment. The details include a description of the items, the shippers or customers item number, the quantity shipped, and the inventory unit of the shipped items.

A scheme on which you can define the day of the week, day of the month, or day of the year, and the time of the day you want an activity, such as a release or a delivery, to be carried out.

A document that lists the material to be picked for manufacturing or shipping orders. This document is used by operating personnel to pick manufacturing or shipping orders.

A list of items to be picked-up at the supplier’s location by a specific carrier for transport to the customer on a specific day.

An order created in Sales that forms the basis for most schedule-related processes. Planned warehouse orders, which are created during sales schedule approval, decouple schedule updates and revisions from warehouse orders. They serve as the interface between Sales on one hand and Warehousing and Invoicing on the other hand.

Pooling is a planning method, also called planning algorithm, in which multiple fixed addresses, such as distribution centers, ports, and so on, covered by a route plan, are visited. In such cases, the transport route usually consists of several legs.

At one of the legs, shipments travel the same way and are pooled together to go to their destination or to a distribution point. At the distribution point, the shipments are reallocated to different means of transport to be taken to their final destination.

Example

50 bicycles go from Amsterdam to New York, another 50 go from Amsterdam to Philadelphia, and a third lot of 20 bicycles goes from Amsterdam to Pittsburgh. The first leg is from Amsterdam to Rotterdam by truck. Rotterdam is the pooling point, where the bicycles are loaded aboard a ship. In New York, they are unloaded and loaded in trucks that take them to their respective final destinations in New York, Pittsburgh, and Philadelphia.

A schedule's total required CUM calculated from the last CUM reset date through the (next) schedule issue date.

In contrast to required CUM, prior CUM also includes the requirements of released schedule lines for which no receipts are booked yet.

A schedule's total received cumulative quantity, calculated from the CUM reset date on up to the last transaction date, which is the receipt date. Received CUMs are updated as soon as receipts are made for the schedule line(s).

A number that, if determined by Assembly Control, refers to a unique combination of line station, assembly kit, and parent serial number.

A number that, if determined by Purchase Control, refers to a unique purchase schedule call-off that is generated from Warehousing.

A schedule that contains lines with reference numbers. When goods are shipped, received, and invoiced, the reference numbers are used to communicate with suppliers and other LN packages.

A classification used to specify the type of the release based on which schedule requirements are grouped and EDI messages can be generated. These messages are indicated by the used schedule.

Three requirement types exist that represent a requirement in time, used for scheduling.

The available requirement types are:

• Immediate
• Firm
• Planned

For non-referenced schedules, requirement types are linked to segments.

For pull forecast schedules, the requirement type is always Planned or Immediate. For pull call-off schedules, the requirement type is always Firm.

Sales contracts are used to register agreements about the delivery of goods with a sold-to business partner .

A contract is comprised of the following:

• A sales contract header with general business partner data, and optionally, a linked terms and conditions agreement.
• One or more sales contract lines with price/discount agreements and quantity information that apply to an item or price group.

Identifies, by one release number, those sales schedules that share the following common characteristics:

• Sold-to business partner
• Ship-to business partner
• Ship-to address
• Release type (material release/ shipping schedule/ sequence shipping schedule/ pick-up sheet)
• Shipment based schedule/ receipt based schedule
• Schedule quantity qualifier
• Forecast horizon start and end
• Sales release origin
• Customer release
• (Customer order)
• Customer contract reference

A timetable of planned supply of materials. Sales schedules support long-term sales with frequent deliveries. All requirements for the same item, sold-to business partner, ship-to business partner, and delivery parameter are stored in the same sales schedule.

A number that uniquely identifies the revision of the sales schedule. The sales schedule revision number indicates the sales schedule updates that are sent by your business partner.

The specific data part of an incoming, electronically received, self-billed invoice. This data includes sales order, shipment, delivered quantity, and price.

The periodic creation, matching, and approval of invoices based on receipts or consumption of goods by an agreement between business partners. The sold-to business partner pays for the goods without having to wait for an invoice from the buy-from business partner.

A shipping schedule with precise information about the production or deliveries of the requirements. This schedule can include the production or delivery sequence, and the order, the place, and the time of unloading after shipment.

All goods that are transported to a specific address on a specific date and time by using a specific route. An identifiable part of a load.

A procedure that is carried out when a warehouse order or a shipment is processed for transportation. In a shipment procedure, you can specify which transport documents (packing list, packing slip, or Bill of Lading) must be printed when the shipment is transported. For each shipment, a shipment procedure is defined. If a shipment obtains the Confirmed status, the documents specified in the shipment procedure are printed.

Identifies a group of items that are called off at the same time.

An object used to group packaging material transactions by business partner or group of business partners. The reports of packaging material transactions by business partner can be sent to the business partner for communication and payment.

A shipping material account consists of an ID code, a description, and a shipping material accounting scheme.

Optionally, you can specify an external business partner for the shipping material account to indicate that the external business partner is the owner of the packaging materials.

A warehouse that stores intermediate inventory in order to supply work centers. A shop floor warehouse is linked to an individual work cell, an assembly line, or one or more work centers. A shop floor warehouse can be supplied with goods using replenishment orders, or by pull-based material supply.

The pull-based material supply methods are:

• Order Controlled/Batch (only applicable in Assembly Control).
• Order Controlled/SILS (only applicable in Assembly Control).
• Order Controlled/Single (only applicable in Job Shop Control).
• Kanban.
• Time-Phased Order Point.

The items stored in the shop-floor warehouse are not part of the work in process (WIP). When items leave the shop floor warehouse for use in production, their value is added to the WIP.

The business partner who orders goods or services from your organization, who owns the configurations you maintain, or for whom you perform a project. Usually a customer's purchase department.

The agreement with the sold-to business partner can include:

• Default price and discount agreements
• Sales order defaults
• Delivery terms
• The related ship-to and invoice-to business partner

A collection of item-related data, for example, the business partner to whom the item is allocated or ownership details.

LN uses the specification to match supply and demand.

A specification can belong to one or more of the following:

• An anticipated supply of a quantity of an item, such as a sales order or production order
• A particular quantity of an item stored in a handling unit
• A requirement for a particular quantity of an item, for example a sales order

The smallest inventory level that can be registered in LN.

The stock point is defined by the following data:

• Warehouse
• Location: only if you have locations
• Item
• Inventory date: important if you work with LIFO or FIFO
• Lot: only if the item is low volume lot controlled

Hiring certain services from another party, for example the execution of a part of a project or an operation of a production order.

The current date that is generated by the system.

An agreement between business partners about the sale, purchase, or transfer of goods, in which you can define detailed terms and conditions about orders, schedules, planning, logistics, invoicing, and demand pegging, and define the search mechanism to retrieve the correct terms and conditions.

The agreement includes the following:

• A header with the type of agreement and the business partner(s).
• Search levels with a search priority and a selection of search attributes (fields) and linked terms and conditions groups.
• One or more lines with the values for the search levels’ search attributes.
• Terms and conditions groups with detailed terms and conditions about orders, schedules, planning, logistics, invoicing, and demand pegging for the lines.

An inventory management method according to which the supplier usually manages the inventory of his customer or subcontractor. Sometimes, the supplier manages the supply planning as well. Alternatively, the customer manages the inventory but the supplier is responsible for supply planning. Inventory management or inventory planning can also be subcontracted to a logistics service provider (LSP).

The supplier or the customer may own the inventory delivered by the supplier. Often, the ownership of the inventory changes from the supplier to the customer when the customer consumes the inventory, but other ownership transfer moments occur, which are laid down by contract.

Vendor-managed inventory reduces internal costs associated with planning and procuring materials and enables the vendor to better manage his inventory through higher visibility to the supply chain.

A warehouse for which the supplier of the stored goods performs one or both of the following tasks: manage the warehouse, including activities surrounding inbound and outbound processes, or plan the supply of the goods in the warehouse. The supplier may also be the owner of the inventory in the warehouse. The warehouse is usually located at the customer's premises.

A code that identifies the type of a warehousing order. The default warehousing procedure that you link to a warehousing order type determines how the warehousing orders to which the order type is allocated are processed in the warehouse, although you can modify the default procedure for individual warehousing orders or order lines.

A special form of user assistance that automates a task by setting the parameter values within a business model and which directs the software to meet the specific requirements of an organization.