Yield

The yield of a process is expressed in the following formula:

Yield = output of the process / input of the process x 100%
Gross requirements

If the yield is below 100%, the gross materials requirements are greater than the net quantities, to obtain the desired quantity of products. The gross requirements are calculated according to the following formula:

Gross requirements = net	quantity / (yield/100%)
Multiple operations

If multiple operations in a routing have a yield below 100%, the effect is increased with each operation. For example, three consecutive operations having a yield of 90% result in an overall yield of 72.9% (= 0.9 x 0.9 x 0.9 x 100%).