年数总和法
有时,组织机构要体现所谓的加速折旧,即在资产使用寿命期限内,早期折旧更高,晚期折旧更低。有两种方法可实现此目的,即年数总和法以及双倍余额递减法。
第一个公式为:
Annual depreciation expense = (Remaining Useful Life / ((Useful Life x (Useful Life + 1)) / 2)) x (Cost of the Asset - Salvage Value)
第二个公式为:
Annual depreciation expense = (Remaining Useful Life / Sum of the Years) x (Cost of the Asset - Salvage Value)
例如,公式 1 表示车间以 50,000 欧元采购一台机器。机器预期使用寿命为 3 年,车间预计在其使用寿命结束后,机器零件可卖 5,000 欧元。
第一年折旧的计算方法为:
= (3 Remaining Years / ((3 Years x (3 Years + 1)) / 2)) x (50,000 Euros - 5,000 Euros)
= (3 Remaining Years / ((3 Years x 4) / 2)) x 45,000 Euros
= (3 Remaining Years / (12/2)) x 45,000 Euros
= 3/6 x 45,000
= 22,500 Euros
第二年折旧的计算方法为:
= (2 Remaining Years / ((3 Years x (3 Years + 1)) / 2)) x (50,000 Euros - 5,000 Euros)
= (2 Remaining Years / ((3 Years x 4) / 2)) x 45,000 Euros
= (2 Remaining Years / (12/2)) x 45,000 Euros
= 2/6 x 45,000
= 15,000 Euros
第三年折旧的计算方法为:
= (1 Remaining Year / ((3 Years x (3 Years + 1)) / 2)) x (50,000 Euros - 5,000 Euros)
= (1 Remaining Year / (3 Years x 4) / 2)) x 45,000 Euros
= (1 Remaining Year / (12/2)) x 45,000 Euros
= 1/6 x 45,000
= 7,500 Euros
使用与公式 2 相同的方案:
第一年折旧的计算方法为:
= (3 remaining years / (3 + 2 + 1)) x (50,000 Euros - 5,000 Euros)
= (3 remaining years / 6) x 45,000 Euros
= 22,500 Euros
第二年折旧的计算方法为:
= (2 remaining years / (3 + 2 + 1)) x (50,000 Euros - 5,000 Euros)
= (2 remaining years / 6) x 45,000 Euros
= 15,000 Euros
第三年折旧的计算方法为:
= (1 remaining year / (3 + 2 + 1)) x (50,000 Euros - 5,000 Euros)
= (1 remaining year / 6) x 45,000 Euros
= 7,500 Euros